International organizations Partners In Health (PIH), Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF), Interactive Research and Development (IRD) and their financial partner UNITAID started in April 2015 the endTB project, a partnership aimed at radically changing the management of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB).
MSF in collaboration with the Ministry of Health of Armenia organized in february 2015, the 4th TB symposium dedicated to the new regimens and treatment approaches specifically focused on Central Asia and Eastern Europe. Find the presentations on the symposium website here
Factors associated with primary transmission of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis compared with healthy controls in Henan Province, China Wei-Bin Li, Yan-Qiu Zhang, Jin Xing, Zhen-Ya Ma, Ya-Hong Qu and Xin-Xu Li, Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2015, 4:14
Findings from this study showed that being single, earning a low income, having mental stress, lacking medical insurance, and suffering from a chronic debilitating disease were potential risk factors associated with primary MDR-TB. However, risk factors of nosocomial transmission and close contact were not found.
Infectious Diseases of Poverty is an open access peer-reviewed journal publishing articles around essential public health questions relating to infectious diseases of poverty.
Abstract
In 2012, an estimated 8.6 million people developed tuberculosis (TB) and 1.3 million died from the disease. With its recent resurgence with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); TB prevention and management has become further challenging. We systematically evaluated the effectiveness of community based interventions (CBI) for the prevention and treatment of TB and a total of 41 studies were identified for inclusion. Findings suggest that CBI for TB prevention and case detection showed significant increase in TB detection rates (RR: 3.1, 95% CI: 2.92, 3.28) with non-significant impact on TB incidence. CBI for treating patients with active TB showed an overall improvement in treatment success rates (RR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.11) and evidence from a single study suggests significant reduction in relapse rate (RR: 0.26, 95% CI: 0.18, 0.39). The results were consistent for various study design and delivery mechanism. Qualitative synthesis suggests that community based TB treatment delivery through community health workers (CHW) not only improved access and service utilization but also contributed to capacity building and improving the routine TB recording and reporting systems. CBI coupled with the DOTS strategy seem to be an effective approach, however there is a need to evaluate various community-based integrated delivery models for relative effectiveness.
Nombreuses interventions existent pour pour faire face aux maladies non transmissibles (Non-Communicable Diseases ou NCDs en anglais) et celles-ci sont bien connues.
Afin d’ intensifier l’action, la participation des infirmières et des sages-femmes, qui représentent la plus grande catégorie de professionnels de la santé dans la plupart des pays, est essentielle.
L’expérience montre que les interventions issues des soins infirmiers et obstétricaux pour les NCDs peuvent aller au-delà de la prévention et du traitement et qu’elle peuvent inclure la promotion de la santé.
Sur mandat de l'Organisation mondiale de la Santé (OMS), des chercheurs de l'Imperial College de Londres ont mené une revue systématique de la littérature afin d'établir des données probantes à propos du E-Learning en tant que méthode d'apprentissage pour la formation de base des professionnels de la santé.
Les résultats, tirés d'un total de 108 études , ont montré que par l'apprentissage E-learning (en ligne et hors ligne) les élèves acquièrent des connaissances et des compétences aussi bien ou mieux par rapport à l'enseignement traditionnel.
Selon cette recherche, le E-learning pourrait permettre à des millions d'étudiants autour du monde de se former en tant que infirmiers/ères ou médecins
When I started writing in this blog I posted a couple of notes related to the development of operational research. A few month later, here I am with a success story!
SORT-IT (Structured Operational Research and Training Initiative) is a training model designed by The Union and MSF, who joined with the Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases(TDR) at the World Health Organization (WHO) to work toward spreading operational research skills, in order to encourage public health professionals all over the world (and especially in developing countries) to design, implement and publish research outcomes capable to feed national health programs and thus improve health services for people all over the world. go to article Ramsay, Harries, Zachariah et al.,The Structured Operational Research and Training Initiative for public health programmes, Health Action, vol. 4 no. 2, published 21 June 2014
Researchers looked at the perception of Kenyan women about voluntary counseling and testing for HIV. Fear of stigma, especially targeting women, is the main reason for not submitting to VCT.
In order to generalize the use of VCT and thus to provide treatment to the ones in need, there should be more emphasis put on education for the general population about HIV.
Dans le cadre du programme national “Migrant Friendly Hospitals” voici les résultats d’une étude faite auprès des soignants (médecins et infirmiers/ères) du CHUV concernant leurs compétences à soigner des patients de cultures différentes (compétences transculturelles). Sur la base de questionnaires auto-administrés, 244 infirmières et 124 médecins ont auto-évalué leur savoir-faire lorsqu’il s’agit de soigner un patient migrant. Les questions étaient basées sur le “Cross-Cultural Care Survey”, un outil déjà validé.
La troisième session de la formation continue “Migration et Santé”, organisée par la PMU a abordé ce sujet qui a été relayé dans plusieurs médias suisses romands, suite aux résultats de l’étude CERESO, portant sur le renoncement aux soins pour des raisons économiques.
Ainsi, sur la base de questionnaires distribués à 2030 patients dans 47 cabinets médicaux de Suisse romande, l’étude a pu mettre en évidence que 1 patient sur 10 a du renoncer à des soins médicaux (y compris soins dentaires) pour des raisons économiques au cours de l’année précédente. Ainsi , «Durant les douze derniers mois, avez-vous eu de la peine à payer les factures de votre ménage ?» est la question-clé qui va permettre au médecin (et aux autres soignants) d’ ouvrir la porte à la discussion avec le patient, concernant son éventuelle difficulté à accéder aux soins nécessaires pour des raisons financières.