Sur mandat de l'Organisation mondiale de la Santé (OMS), des chercheurs de l'Imperial College de Londres ont mené une revue systématique de la littérature afin d'établir des données probantes à propos du E-Learning en tant que méthode d'apprentissage pour la formation de base des professionnels de la santé. Les résultats, tirés d'un total de 108 études , ont montré que par l'apprentissage E-learning (en ligne et hors ligne) les élèves acquièrent des connaissances et des compétences aussi bien ou mieux par rapport à l'enseignement traditionnel. Selon cette recherche, le E-learning pourrait permettre à des millions d'étudiants autour du monde de se former en tant que infirmiers/ères ou médecins
Category Archives: Public Health
Prévention du suicide: L’état d’urgence global
Le suicide est devenu la deuxième cause de mortalité au niveau mondial chez les jeunes (15-29 ans)
L’OMS a publié pour la première fois un rapport concernant le suicide. Ce rapport présente l’épidémiologie et les facteurs de risque du suicide au niveau mondial, il fait l’état des lieux des connaissances actuelles en matière de prévention et donne des pistes pour la mise en place de stratégies nationales de prévention du suicide au niveau mondial.
Le rapport Prévention du suicide: l’état d’urgence global, OMS, 2014 peut être téléchargé sur le site
The great gap in health outcomes for African Americans
On April 28th QUARZ reported about health outcomes of the population of Baltimore, Maryland, where African Americans represent 64% of the city population.
In spite of having the same figures in term of health insurance coverage than the white population, African Americans have lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality rate, higher rate of low birth weight and higher mortality rate from cardio-vascular diseases. African Americans have a ten fold increased risk of getting infected with HIV/AIDS and are five times more likely to die from the disease than white people.
Inequities in health related to alcohol in Europe
An interesting document pointing out how disadvantaged groups, in regard of social determinants of health, across european countries suffer the highest burden of alcohol-related conditions.
Inégalités en santé et minorités ethniques
Autour du monde, l’état de santé des personnes issues de minorités ethniques est moins bon comparé au reste de la population. Les soins de santé accessibles à ces populations sont de moins bonne qualité.
A travers son rapport 2013, le Minority Rights Group International décrit les facteurs contribuant aux inégalités en santé et propose des pistes d’intervention afin que les pays puissent mieux répondre aux besoins de l’ensemble de leur population.
3eI: an initiative to gather evidence about interventions for development work
The International Initiative for Impact Evaluations provides a collection of evidence ( what works, what doesn’t work) about health interventions as well as practical tools for carrying out a good programme evaluation.
NCD initiatives
In 2011 WHO organized the First global ministerial conference on healthy lifestyles and NCDs control. Based on The Global strategy for the prevention and control of NCDs and its action plan, the conference aimed at supporting Member States to develop and strengthen policies and programmes on healthy lifestyles and NCD prevention.
The forum report describes the objectives, content and the meeting outcomes that would help to move NCD prevention and control forward ( p.19) Here are some key outcomes:
−There was broad agreement that NCD prevention and control is critical to national development (health, social and economic) and effective development cannot occur without addressing NCDs.
– Better epidemiological surveillance of NCDs is critical to demonstrate the extent of the problem and empower government action based on evidence and to monitor progress.
− Health systems strengthening, including adequate and well-trained supply of health worker, should focus on integration across disease areas and particularly on community-based primary health care.
– Implementing the agreed ‘best buys’, e.g. raising taxes on tobacco and alcohol are key opportunities to reduce risk factors and, potentially, generate revenue that can be used to tackle NCDs
The tremendous gap in death rates due to NCD
Non communicable diseases (NCD), such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and chronic respiratory diseases represent a new epidemic worldwide.
NCD kill more than 36 million people each year. Nine million of all deaths attributed to NCD occur before the age of 60; 90% of these “premature” deaths occurred in low- and middle-income countries. (WHO fact sheet)
The difference in death rates due to NCD between countries shows once again the major inequities existing around the world in term of access to prevention and treatment services for the population, for the same diseases.
WHO’s interactive map shows the NCD death rates around the world. access map here
Switzerland :292/100.000 population USA: 413/100.000
Swaziland: 702/100.000 Haiti: 725/100.000 Laos 680.000/100.000
http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs355/en/
Looking at the impact of SORT-IT for health programmes
In order to evaluate the impact of the SORT-IT initiative, Zachariah and colleagues assessed the changes in health policies and practice following the publications of the module participants.
74% of the studies assessed (65 out of 88 ) brought an effect on policy and practice in one of the following domains: changes in program implementation, adaptation of monitoring tools or changes of existing guidelines.
Rony Zachariah et al. Research to policy and practice change: is capacity building in operational research delivering the goods? Tropical Medicine & International Health. Volume 19, Issue 9, pages 1068–1075, September 2014
SORT-IT: adapting to overcome the challenges
Kumar et al,Operational research capacity building using ‘The Union/MSF’ model: adapting as we go along. Res Notes. 2014; 7(1): 819. Published online Nov 19, 2014.